Cem Kemal Erbaş Cem Kemal Erbaş
RIP, küçük ağlar arası yönlendirme yapmak için kullandıgımız bir protokoldur. RIPv2 daha fazla avantajı olan bir protokoldür.
1 . Temel sistem ve ip address yapılandırması.
Cihazlarda ip adreslerini vereleim ve LoopBackleri oluşturalım. Router1, Router2 ve Router3 de aynısını uygulayalım.
system-vie
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname Router1
[Router1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[Router1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.13.1 24
[Router1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[Router1]interface LoopBack 0
[Router1-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.1.1 24
[Router1-LoopBack0]quit
system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname Router2
[Router2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[Router2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.13.2 24
[Router2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[Router2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[Router2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 10.0.12.2 24
[Router2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[Router2]interface LoopBack 0
[Router2-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.2.2 24
[Router2-LoopBack0]quit
system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname Router3
[Router3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[Router3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.0.12.3 24
[Router3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[Router3]interface LoopBack 0
[Router3-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.3.3 24
[Router3-LoopBack0]quit
Router1 ve Router2 (10.0.13.0 network’ü) ‘nin birbirleri ile iletişim kurabildiğini kontrol edelim.
ping 10.0.13.2
PING 10.0.13.2: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.13.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=200 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=40 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=60 ms
Reply from 10.0.13.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=20 ms
— 10.0.13.2 ping statistics —
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 20/70/200 ms
Router2 ve Router3 (10.0.12.0 network’ü) ‘ün birbirleri ile iletişim kurabildiğini kontrol edelim.
ping 10.0.12.3
PING 10.0.12.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=70 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=50 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=70 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=50 ms
— 10.0.12.3 ping statistics —
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 50/58/70 ms
2 . RIPv1 yapılandırılması.
Router1 üzerinde RIP i etkinleştirelim ve üzerinde bulundugu 10.0.0.0 network’ünü anons edelim.
[Router1-rip-1]rip 1
[Router1-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0
Router2 üzerinde RIP i etkinleştirelim ve üzerinde bulundugu 10.0.0.0 network’ünü anons edelim.
[Router2]rip 1
[Router2-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0
Router3 üzerinde RIP i etkinleştirelim ve üzerinde bulundugu 10.0.0.0 network’ünü anons edelim
[Router3]rip 1
[Router3-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0
- RIPv1 kontrol edelim.
Router1,Router2 ve Router3 ‘ün routing (yönlendirme) tablolarını inceleyim. RIP’in yol tarifini ögrendiğini aşagıda işaretli olan yerlere bakarak görelim.
display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R – relay, D – download to fib
——————————————————————————
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 9 Routes : 9
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.1.1 LoopBack0
10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.2.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.13.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.3.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 10.0.13.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.12.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.13.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.13.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.13.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.13.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R – relay, D – download to fib
——————————————————————————
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 10 Routes : 10
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.0.1.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.13.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.2.2 LoopBack0
10.0.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.3.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.12.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.13.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.13.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.13.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R – relay, D – download to fib
——————————————————————————
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 9 Routes : 9
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.0.1.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.2.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.3.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.3.3 LoopBack0
10.0.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.12.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.13.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
Router1 den 10.0.12.3 IP’sine ping atarak, Router1 ve Router3’ün birbirleriyle iletişim kurduğunu görebiliriz.
ping 10.0.12.3
PING 10.0.12.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=50 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=40 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=60 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=70 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=70 ms
— 10.0.12.3 ping statistics —
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 40/58/70 ms
RIP periodik güncellemeleri görüntülemek için debugging komutunu kullanırız.
RIP de debugging fonksiyonunu etkinleştirelim. Debugging komutu sadece user view modunda kullanılır. Etkinleştirdiğimiz debugging komutunu display debugging diyerek görüntüleyebiliriz. Debugging bilgilerini görüntülemek için terminal debugging komutunu kullanırız.
Rauterler arası RIP hakkındaki bilgileri görüntüleyelim.
debugging rip 1
display debugging
RIP Process id: 1
Debugs ON: SEND, RECEIVE, PACKET, TIMER, EVENT, BRIEF,
JOB, ROUTE-PROCESSING, ERROR,
REPLAY-PROTECT, GR
terminal debugging
Info: Current terminal debugging is on.
Oct 21 2014 15:47:43.530.1-08:00 Router1 RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12185: RIP 1: Receiving v1 response on GigabitEthernet0/0/0 from 10.0.13.2 with 3 RTEs
Oct 21 2014 15:47:43.530.2-08:00 Router1 RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12236: RIP 1: Receive response
from 10.0.13.2 on GigabitEthernet0/0/0
Oct 21 2014 15:47:43.530.3-08:00 Router1 RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 1, Cmd r
esponse, Length 64
Oct 21 2014 15:47:43.530.4-08:00 Router1 RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12296: Dest 10.0.2.0, Cost 1
Oct 21 2014 15:47:43.530.5-08:00 Router1 RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12296: Dest 10.0.3.0, Cost 2
Oct 21 2014 15:47:43.530.6-08:00 Router1 RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12296: Dest 10.0.12.0, Cost 1
Oct 21 2014 15:47:47.630.1-08:00 Router1 RIP/7/DBG: 25: 3741: RIP 1: Periodic timer ex
pired for interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
Açtıgımız debugging leri kapatmak için undo debugging rip veya undo debugging all diyerek tüm debug işlemlerini kapatırız.
undo debugging rip 1
Bazı parametreler girilerek spesifik olarak debug alınabilir. Örneğin debugging rip 1 event komutu sadece periyodik güncellemeleri görüntülememizi sağlar. Debug komutlarından sonra konulacak soru işareti(?) ile bunlar görüntülenebilir.
debugging rip 1 event
Oct 21 2014 15:52:50.150.1-08:00 Router1 RIP/7/DBG: 25: 4379: RIP 1: Periodic timer ex
pired for interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 (10.0.13.1) and its added to periodic up
date queue
Oct 21 2014 15:52:50.150.2-08:00 Router1 RIP/7/DBG: 25: 4707: RIP 1: Interface Gigabit
Ethernet0/0/0 (10.0.13.1) is deleted from the periodic update queue
Uyarı: Eğer çok fazla debug fonksiyonu açıksa, çok fazla sistem kaynağı tüketebilir, cihazın hata vermesine dahi sebep olabilir.
undo debugging all
Info: All possible debugging has been turned off. - RIPv2 konfigürasyonu yapılandırılması.
RIP altında version 2 diyerek, RIPv2 ‘yi aktif hale getirelim.
[Router1]rip 1
[Router1-rip-1]version 2
[Router2]rip 1
[Router2-rip-1]version 2
[Router3]rip 1
[Router3-rip-1]version 2 - RIPv2 kontrol edelim.
Router1, Router2 ve Router3 ün routing tablolarına bakalım.
Displap ip routing-table diyerek tablolara bakalım. RIPv1 tablosu ile karşlaştıralım.
display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R – relay, D – download to fib
——————————————————————————
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 9 Routes : 9
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.0.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.1.1 LoopBack0
10.0.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.2.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.13.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.3.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 10.0.13.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.12.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.13.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.13.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.13.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.13.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R – relay, D – download to fib
——————————————————————————
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 10 Routes : 10
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.0.1.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.13.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.2.2 LoopBack0
10.0.2.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.3.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.12.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.12.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1
10.0.13.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.13.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.13.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R – relay, D – download to fib
——————————————————————————
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 9 Routes : 9
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
10.0.1.0/24 RIP 100 2 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.2.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.3.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.3.3 LoopBack0
10.0.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
10.0.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.12.3 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.12.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
10.0.13.0/24 RIP 100 1 D 10.0.12.2 GigabitEthernet0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
Router1 in Router3 (10.0.12.3) netwoküne gittigini ping atarak görüyoruz.
ping 10.0.12.3
PING 10.0.12.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=70 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=60 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=30 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=60 ms
Reply from 10.0.12.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=30 ms
— 10.0.12.3 ping statistics —
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 30/50/70 ms
RIPv2 periyodik güncellemeleri görmek için debugging komutu kullanırız.
terminal debugging
Info: Current terminal debugging is on.
debugging rip 1 event
Oct 21 2014 15:59:18.330.1-08:00 Router1 RIP/7/DBG: 25: 4379: RIP 1: Periodic timer ex
pired for interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 (10.0.13.1) and its added to periodic up
date queue
Oct 21 2014 15:59:18.330.2-08:00 Router1 RIP/7/DBG: 25: 4707: RIP 1: Interface Gigabit
Ethernet0/0/0 (10.0.13.1) is deleted from the periodic update queue
undo debugging rip 1
debugging rip 1 packet
Oct 21 2014 16:00:42.930.1-08:00 Router1 RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12227: RIP 1: Sending response
on interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 from 10.0.13.1 to 224.0.0.9
Oct 21 2014 16:00:42.930.2-08:00 Router1 RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12247: Packet: Version 2, Cmd r
esponse, Length 24
Oct 21 2014 16:00:42.930.3-08:00 Router1 RIP/7/DBG: 6: 12315: Dest 10.0.1.0/24, Nextho
p 0.0.0.0, Cost 1, Tag 0
RIPv1 de cihaz network id leri ve diğer route güncellemelerini subnet mask bilgisi olmadan gönderir. RIPv2 de subnetting desteği vardır ve route’lar subnet bilgileri ile gönderilir.
Final…
display current-configuration
#
sysname Router1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.0.13.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
rip 1
version 2
network 10.0.0.0
#
user-interface con 0
#
return
display current-configuration
#
sysname Router2
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.0.13.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
ip address 10.0.12.2 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.0.2.2 255.255.255.0
#
rip 1
version 2
network 10.0.0.0
#
user-interface con 0
user-interface vty 0 4
#
return
display current-configuration
#
sysname Router3
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 10.0.12.3 255.255.255.0
#
interface LoopBack0
ip address 10.0.3.3 255.255.255.0
#
rip 1
version 2
network 10.0.0.0
#
user-interface con 0
user-interface vty 0 4
#
return
